End Stage Renal Disease in the United States

BACKGROUNDER

• More than 594,000 Americans are being treated for kidney failure, also called end stage renal disease, or ESRD. Of these, more than 415,000 are dialysis patients and more than 179,000 have a functioning kidney transplant.
• Since 2000, the number of patients who have been diagnosed with kidney failure has increased 23 percent.
• A profile of kidney failure patients in the U.S. is as follows¹:
  

  Sex:	Statistics	Percent
  Males	329,098	56.7%
  Females	251,643	43.3%
  Age:
  Below 19 years of age	7,388	1.4%
  From 20 to 44 years of age	98,277	16.9%
  From 45 to 64 years of age	261,940	45.1%
  From 65 to 74 years of age	119,875	20.5%
  Age 75 years or more	93,261	16.1%
  Race & Ethnicity:
  White	354,460	61.0%
  Black	186,785	32.2%
  Asian	31,528	5.4%
  Native Americans	7,968	1.4%
  Hispanic2	85,202	14.7%
  Primary Cause:
  Diabetes	219,794	37.8%
  High Blood Pressure	145,182	25.0%
  Glomerulonephritis	84,521	14.6%
  Cystic Kidney	27,960	4.8%
  Other Urologic	12,919	2.2%
  Other/Unknown/Missing	90,365	15.6%

  1. Adjusted for missing and unknown data based on USRDS 2012 report.
  2. Please note totals greater than 100% because Hispanic ethnicity information is collected separately from racial information.

• There are approximately 5,798 dialysis facilities and 226 certified kidney transplant facilities in the U.S. Of these dialysis facilities, approximately 780 are hospital based.
• In 2010 the annual cost of treating kidney failure in the U.S. was approximately $47.5 billion.
• In 2010, more than 91,000 patients died from causes related to kidney failure.

Sources: U.S. Renal Data System Annual Data Report (2012), Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services